Tall buildings, such as skyscrapers, are intended here as enclosed structures with continuously occupiable floors and a height of at least 1,120 ft. Such definition excludes non-building structures, such as towers.
History
Historically, the world's tallest man-made structure was the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, which held the position for over 3800 years until the construction of Lincoln Cathedral in 1311. The Strasbourg Cathedral in France, completed in 1439, was the world's tallest building until 1874.
The first skyscraper was pioneered in Chicago with the 138 ft Home Insurance Building in 1885. The United States would remain the location of the world's tallest building throughout the 20th century until 1998, when the Petronas Towers were completed. Since then, two other buildings have gained the title: Taipei 101 in 2004 and Burj Khalifa in 2010. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the Middle East, China, and Southeast Asia have experienced booms in skyscraper construction.
Ranking criteria and alternatives
The international non-profit organization Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) was formed in 1969 and announces the title of "The World's Tallest Building" and sets the standards by which buildings are measured. It maintains a list of the 100 tallest completed buildings in the world. The organization currently ranks Burj Khalifa in Dubai as the tallest at 2,717 ft. However, the CTBUH only recognizes buildings that are complete, and some buildings included within the lists in this article are not considered finished by the CTBUH.
In 1996, as a response to the dispute as to whether the Petronas Towers or the Sears Tower was taller, the council listed and ranked buildings in four categories:
- height to structural or architectural top;
- height to floor of highest occupied floor;
- height to top of roof (removed as category in November 2009); and
- height to top of any part of the building.
All categories measure the building from the level of the lowest significant open-air pedestrian entrance.
Spires are considered integral parts of the architectural design of buildings, changes to which would substantially change the appearance and design of the building, whereas antennas may be added or removed without such consequences. The Petronas Towers, with their spires, are thus ranked higher than the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) with its antennas, despite the Petronas Towers' lower roofs and lower highest point.
Until 1996, the world's tallest building was defined by the height to the top of the tallest architectural element, including spires but not antennae. In 1930, this definitional argument led to a rivalry between the Bank of Manhattan Building and the Chrysler Building. The Bank of Manhattan Building (i.e. 40 Wall Street) employed only a short spire, was 927 ft tall, and had a much higher top occupied floor (the second category in the 1996 criteria for tallest building). In contrast, the Chrysler Building employed a very large 125 ft spire secretly assembled inside the building to claim the title of world's tallest building with a total height of 1,046 ft, although it had a lower top occupied floor and a shorter height when both buildings' spires were excluded.
To read a lot more and see photos, go here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings
National Golf Lover’s Day on October 4th provides an opportunity for golf enthusiasts to swing down the fairway at least one more time during the season.
While celebrating the day, you might notice it is sometimes also referred to as National Golf Day. Since 1952, the PGA has held a charity event each year for National Golf Day, which is held on different days each year.
The modern game of golf may have originated in 15th century Scotland. However, it is unclear and very much debated as to its ancient origins.
- 1779 – The Royal Gazette of New York City posted an advertisement for golf clubs and golf balls.
- 1796 – The Georgia Gazette publishes notice of an annual general meeting for a golf club in Savannah.
- Golf became firmly established in the late 19th century.
- 1894 – Delegates from the Newport Country Club, Saint Andrew’s Golf Club, Yonkers, New York, The Country Club, Chicago Golf Club, and Shinnecock Hills Golf Club met in New York City to form what became the United States Golf Association (USGA)
- 1910 – There were 267 Clubs affiliated to the USGA.
- 1922 – Walter Hagen became the first native-born American to win the British Open Championship,
- 1932 – There were more than 1,100 Clubs affiliated to the USGA.
- 1980 – Over 5,908 Clubs affiliated to the USGA.
- 2013 – Over 10,600 Clubs affiliated to the USGA.
HOW TO OBSERVE
In many parts of the country, golfers hit the links all year long. However, in the more northern regions, courses will close due to cooler temperatures preventing golfers from chasing the elusive hole-in-one. While you can, get out and golf a round or two. Invite friends to join you. Visit a course you’ve never been to before. Challenge yourself to a more difficult course. Improve your handicap or offer to teach someone the game.
You can explore Golf History.
NATIONAL GOLF LOVER’S DAY HISTORY
National Day Calendar® continues researching the origins of this sports holiday. However, it’s interesting to note that the first U.S. Men’s Open Golf Championship was held on this day in 1895.
It's also.....
National Vodka Day recognizes a popular beverage used in a variety of cocktails and mixed drinks. Explore your options on October 4th and raise a toast to the celebration.
Makers distill a variety of substances to make vodka. As a result, diverse types of vodka fill the shelves at the liquor store. Grain, potatoes, fruits and sugar vodkas fit a variety of mixing needs behind the bar or in the kitchen, too.
Traditionally, prepared vodkas had an alcoholic content of percent by volume. In the United States, products sold as vodka must have an alcoholic content of 30 percent or more.
Enjoy vodka on the rocks or in cocktails and mixed drinks. There are so many to choose from as the list below suggests:
- Caesar
- Bloody Mary
- Screwdriver
- Moscow Mule
- White Russian
- Black Russian
- Tonic
- Vodka Martini
Makers have expanded the variety of flavors making endless possibilities when it comes to cocktails, mixed drinks, and other beverages the whole year-round.
HOW TO OBSERVE
Mix up your favorite vodka cocktail and share while you savor an autumn afternoon. Remember always to drink responsibly and never drink and drive.
NATIONAL VODKA DAY HISTORY
Celebrated since at least 2009, National Vodka Day has been mentioned by Wine Enthusiast Magazine and has also been noted on news websites such as CBS.
And lastly it's also...
